RECONSTRUCTING Q

Jesus Appoints the Twelve (Matthew 10:1-4||Mark 3:13-19||Luke 6:12-16)

95% reflected in both Matthew and Luke

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Color Coding: Matthew-Mark Agreements | Mark-Luke Agreements | Matthew-Luke Agreements | Triple Agreement
Formatting: Word Is Different | Word Differs from Both Parallels | Morphology Is Different | Morphology Differs from Both Parallels
Gray Background: This is not where this portion is found in this gospel.

MatthewMarkLukeNotes
13Καὶ ἀναβαίνει εἰς τὸ ὄρος 12Ἐγένετο δὲ ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ταύταις ἐξελθεῖν αὐτὸν εἰς τὸ ὄρος προσεύξασθαι, καὶ ἦν διανυκτερεύων ἐν τῇ προσευχῇ τοῦ θεοῦ. Luke skips over Mark's report of healings (Mark 3:7-12) because it overlaps Q 6:17-19, and he wants to detail the appointing of the twelve from Mark 3:13-19 before switching sources. The Hebrew Gospel had the twelve mentioned at the beginning, but Luke skipped over it there because it is somewhat intrusive there. So he follows Mark for the appointing of the twelve. Not in Q (at least at this point): B.

At the same time, the mention of the mountain here and the calling of the disciples agrees with Matt 5:1-2 and likely reflects the fact that these elements were in Q.
1Καὶ προσκαλεσάμενος τοὺς δώδεκα μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς ἐξουσίαν πνευμάτων ἀκαθάρτων ὥστε ἐκβάλλειν αὐτὰ καὶ θεραπεύειν πᾶσαν νόσον καὶ πᾶσαν μαλακίαν. 13καὶ προσκαλεῖται οὓς ἤθελεν αὐτός, καὶ ἀπῆλθον πρὸς αὐτόν. 14καὶ ἐποίησεν δώδεκα [οὓς καὶ ἀποστόλους ὠνόμασεν] ἵνα ὦσιν μετʼ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἵνα ἀποστέλλῃ αὐτοὺς κηρύσσειν 15καὶ ἔχειν ἐξουσίαν ἐκβάλλειν τὰ δαιμόνια 13καὶ ὅτε ἐγένετο ἡμέρα, προσεφώνησεν τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐκλεξάμενος ἀπʼ αὐτῶν δώδεκα, οὓς καὶ ἀποστόλους ὠνόμασεν
2Τῶν δὲ δώδεκα ἀποστόλων τὰ ὀνόματά ἐστιν ταῦτα πρῶτος Σίμων λεγόμενος Πέτρος καὶ Ἀνδρέας ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ, καὶ Ἰάκωβος τοῦ Ζεβεδαίου καὶ Ἰωάννης ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ, 3Φίλιππος καὶ Βαρθολομαῖος, Θωμᾶς καὶ Μαθθαῖος τελώνης, Ἰάκωβος τοῦ Ἁλφαίου καὶ Θαδδαῖος, 4Σίμων Καναναῖος καὶ Ἰούδας Ἰσκαριώτης καὶ παραδοὺς αὐτόν. 16[καὶ ἐποίησεν τοὺς δώδεκα,] * καὶ ἐπέθηκεν ὄνομα τῷ Σίμωνι Πέτρον, 17καὶ Ἰάκωβον τὸν τοῦ Ζεβεδαίου καὶ Ἰωάννην τὸν ἀδελφὸν τοῦ Ἰακώβου καὶ ἐπέθηκεν αὐτοῖς ὀνόμα[τα] βοανηργές, ἐστιν υἱοὶ βροντῆς 18καὶ Ἀνδρέαν καὶ Φίλιππον καὶ Βαρθολομαῖον καὶ Μαθθαῖον καὶ Θωμᾶν καὶ Ἰάκωβον τὸν τοῦ Ἁλφαίου καὶ Θαδδαῖον καὶ Σίμωνα τὸν Καναναῖον 19καὶ Ἰούδαν Ἰσκαριώθ, ὃς καὶ παρέδωκεν αὐτόν. 14Σίμωνα ὃν καὶ ὠνόμασεν Πέτρον, καὶ Ἀνδρέαν τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ, καὶ Ἰάκωβον καὶ Ἰωάννην καὶ Φίλιππον καὶ Βαρθολομαῖον 15καὶ Μαθθαῖον καὶ Θωμᾶν καὶ Ἰάκωβον Ἁλφαίου καὶ Σίμωνα τὸν καλούμενον ζηλωτὴν 16καὶ Ἰούδαν Ἰακώβου καὶ Ἰούδαν Ἰσκαριώθ, ὃς ἐγένετο προδότης. Matthew and Luke agree against Mark in having Andrew second and in adding the phrase "his brother." For some reasons Matthew reverses the order of Thomas and Matthew. Luke puts Simon, who is called the Zealot, in tenth position and Judas son of James in the eleventh position, where Mark has Thaddaeus and Simon the Cananaean, respectively. Luke may be influenced by the first chapter of the Gospel of the Hebrews in calling Simon "Zealot" and in putting Andrew with Simon.

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