RECONSTRUCTING Q

Lord of the Sabbath (Matthew 12:1-8||Mark 2:23-28||Luke 6:1-5)

85% reflected in both Matthew and Luke

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Color Coding: Matthew-Mark Agreements | Mark-Luke Agreements | Matthew-Luke Agreements | Triple Agreement
Formatting: Word Is Different | Word Differs from Both Parallels | Morphology Is Different | Morphology Differs from Both Parallels
Gray Background: This is not where this portion is found in this gospel.

MatthewMarkLukeNotes
1Ἐν ἐκείνῳ τῷ καιρῷ ἐπορεύθη Ἰησοῦς τοῖς σάββασιν διὰ τῶν σπορίμων 23Καὶ ἐγένετο αὐτὸν ἐν τοῖς σάββασιν παραπορεύεσθαι διὰ τῶν σπορίμων, 1Ἐγένετο δὲ ἐν σαββάτῳ διαπορεύεσθαι αὐτὸν διὰ σπορίμων,
1οἱ δὲ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ ἐπείνασαν καὶ ἤρξαντο τίλλειν στάχυας καὶ ἐσθίειν. 23καὶ οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ ἤρξαντο ὁδὸν ποιεῖν τίλλοντες τοὺς στάχυας. 1καὶ ἔτιλλον οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἤσθιον τοὺς στάχυας ψώχοντες ταῖς χερσίν.
2οἱ δὲ Φαρισαῖοι ἰδόντες εἶπαν αὐτῷ 24καὶ οἱ Φαρισαῖοι ἔλεγον αὐτῷ 2τινὲς δὲ τῶν Φαρισαίων εἶπαν
2ἰδοὺ οἱ μαθηταί σου ποιοῦσιν οὐκ ἔξεστιν ποιεῖν ἐν σαββάτῳ. 24ἴδε τί ποιοῦσιν τοῖς σάββασιν οὐκ ἔξεστιν ; 2τί ποιεῖτε οὐκ ἔξεστιν τοῖς σάββασιν ;
3 δὲ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς 25καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς 3καὶ ἀποκριθεὶς πρὸς αὐτοὺς εἶπεν Ἰησοῦς
3οὐκ ἀνέγνωτε τί ἐποίησεν Δαυὶδ ὅτε ἐπείνασεν καὶ οἱ μετʼ αὐτοῦ, 4πῶς εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ τοὺς ἄρτους τῆς προθέσεως ἔφαγον, οὐκ ἐξὸν ἦν αὐτῷ φαγεῖν οὐδὲ τοῖς μετʼ αὐτοῦ εἰ μὴ τοῖς ἱερεῦσιν μόνοις ; 25οὐδέποτε ἀνέγνωτε τί ἐποίησεν Δαυὶδ ὅτε χρείαν ἔσχεν καὶ ἐπείνασεν αὐτὸς καὶ οἱ μετʼ αὐτοῦ, 26πῶς εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ θεοῦ ἐπὶ Ἀβιαθὰρ ἀρχιερέως καὶ τοὺς ἄρτους τῆς προθέσεως ἔφαγεν, οὓς οὐκ ἔξεστιν φαγεῖν εἰ μὴ τοὺς ἱερεῖς, καὶ ἔδωκεν καὶ τοῖς σὺν αὐτῷ οὖσιν ; 3οὐδὲ τοῦτο ἀνέγνωτε ἐποίησεν Δαυὶδ ὅτε ἐπείνασεν αὐτὸς καὶ οἱ μετʼ αὐτοῦ [ὄντες], 4[ὡς] εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ τοὺς ἄρτους τῆς προθέσεως λαβὼν ἔφαγεν καὶ ἔδωκεν τοῖς μετʼ αὐτοῦ, οὓς οὐκ ἔξεστιν φαγεῖν εἰ μὴ μόνους τοὺς ἱερεῖς ; Codex Bezae reads after Luke 6:4: Τᾑ αὐτᾑ ἡμέρᾳ θεασάμενός τινα ἐργαζόμενον τῷ σαββάτῳ εἶπεν αὐτῷ, Ἄνθρωπε, εἰ μὲν οἶδας τί ποιεῖς, μακάριος εἶ· εἰ δὲ μὴ οἶδας, ἐπικατάρατος καὶ παραβάτης εἶ τοῦ νόμου. Broadhead suggests that this may have been in Q ("Extent," 725).
5 οὐκ ἀνέγνωτε ἐν τῷ νόμῳ ὅτι τοῖς σάββασιν οἱ ἱερεῖς ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ τὸ σάββατον βεβηλοῦσιν καὶ ἀναίτιοί εἰσιν ; 6λέγω δὲ ὑμῖν ὅτι τοῦ ἱεροῦ μεῖζόν ἐστιν ὧδε. The rhetorical question beginning with ἢ is a feature of Q. "One greater than _____ is here" is a Q expression.
7εἰ δὲ ἐγνώκειτε τί ἐστιν ἔλεος θέλω καὶ οὐ θυσίαν, οὐκ ἂν κατεδικάσατε τοὺς ἀναιτίους.
27καὶ ἔλεγεν αὐτοῖς 5καὶ ἔλεγεν αὐτοῖς
27τὸ σάββατον διὰ τὸν ἄνθρωπον ἐγένετο καὶ οὐχ ἄνθρωπος διὰ τὸ σάββατον This is a non-Western interpolation. Matthew and Luke likely saw the shorter reading in Mark.
8κύριος γάρ ἐστιν τοῦ σαββάτου υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου. 28ὥστε κύριός ἐστιν υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου καὶ τοῦ σαββάτου. 5κύριός ἐστιν τοῦ σαββάτου υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου.

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